Monday, 31 October 2016

The Sixties, Popular Music, Protest and Confused Messages: Black Sabbath.


This second blog entry examines the music of Black Sabbath. How its bleakness might be a symptom of dissatisfaction with socio-economic changes locally and with injustices being protested in the wider world. Alternatively their music could be another, heavier, more extreme manifestation of sex, drugs and rock and roll. The latter possibly providing reasons why protest movements failed to gather wider support from potential young activists.

 The chilling opening to ‘Black Sabbath’ is created by three notes consisting of an octave leap that drops down an augmented fourth, a tritone: Diabolus in Musica (Devil music). Since medieval times this musical interval has often been maligned and avoided. The title track was supposedly inspired by a 'vision' of a satanic figure seen by 'Geezer' Butler. Being aspiring musicians, the band wanted to sound heavier than their contemporaries, Jimi Hendrix and Cream. A long queue outside a cinema, waiting to watch a horror film called Black Sabbath, inspired the band name and gave them an idea of how to make money.[1] So they embraced the idea of playing dark, heavy music, while hopefully cashing in on audiences eager to pay for the excitement of being scared.

 Black Sabbath's official website says they were 'a product of the late sixties', when new hopeful visions became affected by the grimmer realities of world politics, war, poverty and drugs.[2] Locally, the landscape of Birmingham was changing with the continuing appearance of tower blocks and the construction of the Gravelly Hill Interchange (Spaghetti Junction). Like some other young people opposed to ‘the system', they may have been looking for alternative ways to rebel. Perhaps the dark menace of the music was part of a subversive counter-culture.  Some hippies found themselves looking for higher meanings, in mysticism and cosmic consciousness. The 'problem', as Camille Paglia puts it, was that 'the more the mind was opened to..."cosmic consciousness", the less meaningful politics or social structure became, melting into the void.'[3]

 A part of escaping the mundanity of urban life for Black Sabbath was pursuing the rewards of fame; that the bands they admired enjoyed. After two years of success, the excess of sex and drugs reached extreme levels of 'degenerate behaviour', described as 'worthy of Caligula.'[4] Some fans wanted to emulate their rock idols and some liked the music because it attended a lifestyle choice. They may have also felt equally negative about the world around them.

 Political activism and protest was certainly part of sixties youth culture. Music with its ability to release youthful frustration and angst may have also played its part. If protest seemed in decline, and dark music represented a form of subversion, it is easy to see how that would have had an effect. Black Sabbath fans, however, might not share this opinion. It might just be that heavy music is exciting and fun, and this was a more general reason why young people did not always engage with politics and protest, and why Black Sabbath continued to make money from ‘Devil Music’.

By Paul Wilson.



[1] Neil Curry, ‘Godfathers of Metal Black Sabbath return to roots’, CNN, cnn.com (10:56 GMT, 22 June, 2013) http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/22/showbiz/black-sabbath/ (accessed 21/10/2016).
[2] Black Sabbath, Band, History http://www.blacksabbath.com/history.html (accessed 21/10/2016).
[3] Camille Paglia, ‘Cults and Cosmic Consciousness: Religious Vision in the American 1960s’, Arion: A Journal of Humanities and the Classics, Third Series, Vol. 10, No. 3 (Winter, 2003), pp. 57-111 (p. 58). Jstor.org http://www.jstor.org/stable/20163901?seq=2#page_scan_tab_contents (accessed 21/10/2016).
[4] Paul Lester, ‘Black Sabbath: We used to have cocaine flown in by private plane’, theguardian.com (17:35 BST, 6 June  2013) https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/jun/06/black-sabbath-cocaine-private-plane  (accessed 22/10/2016).

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